Chapter 4 homework

Chapter 4 Section 2



1. The factors that define a culture consist of the following: language, daily life, history, art, religion, government and economy.



2. Between cultures over the years, interaction has been affected by certain developments. These developments include- the industrial and information revolutions. The Industrial Revolution has affected the way of culture through inventions like cars and factory-produced goods. The Information Revolution has affected the interaction of cultures by the computer which allows us to spread information within minutes even seconds! These revolutions improved our ways of communication whether its with travel&trade, or through emails.



Chapter 4 Section 3



1. There are several differences between the major governments in our world today. These differences consist of - 1) the number of eligible men to rule or govern the country or region, 2) the economic systems. For example- Autocracy is the type of government where only 1 man rules the entire region through inheritance, but the United States is a democratic government meaning we are governed by several people.



2. In the world there are three major types of economy. These types consist of - 1. Traditional 2. Market and 3. Command. The traditional economy had been apart of the Inuit society, which meant hunters had to share the "game" or food they had captured. An example of a Market Economy would be a private group deciding what to produce, the United States has a similar version of this called the "mixed economy" which means our government supports and regulates free enterprise through decisions. The third major economy, Command Economy, can also be called communism. Communism is where the government owns or "directs" the production processes, it can be found in China and Vietnam.



Chapter 4 Section 4



1. A major factor when determining a country's economic development and trade relationships is: NATURAL RESOURCES! The natural resources of our planet are not evenly distributed over the seven continents. Some places, like china, have advantages.



2. Human economic activities affect the environment because of the pollutes we release from them. We pollute the precious air we breathe with the smog and fossil fuels like coal and oils, just by driving our cars everywhere instead of walking or riding a bike! We do not just pollute the Earth's breathable air, we affect the worlds natural ecosystems, too.





Creative Writings:

Section 2-

If the Industrial Revolution never occurred my day would run a little or more like this: At 6am my family's rooster would wake all of us up. I would light a candle and begin to help my mother cook breakfast in our dirt floored kitchen. Then after we ate, I would go get dressed for school in a hand-made sweater, wool stockings, and overalls. Once my brother and I were ready to go we would say good bye to our parents and walk several miles to school. Our school would be a one room schoolhouse with one teacher for all grades. Then when school was over we would walk back home and I would help mother make dinner in our fireplace. After supperI would do the little homework I had and do a few chores. After, it would be dark and I would be getting ready to go to sleep.

Section 3-

Living under a Democratic government and a market economy, I would have several advantages consisting of- 1)having a say in the decisions that the goverment makes, 2) we elect the officials of our government, and 3) I would have a say in what products i will or won't, 4) and i will be free to choose what job i will fulfill and who i will work for! The disadvantages are to a minimum but they include- Competition, tax revenues, and surplus goods that aren't bought.

Section 4-

I disagree that "only developed countries need to replace there dependence on fossil fuels with the use of renewable energy resources" because not every developed country has fossil fuels. Most fossil fuels are imported from another country, for example the United States imports oil from China. I believe EVERY COUNTRY must replace their dependence on fossil fuels to renewable resources because the fossil fuels will eventually run out and there will none left for the future. We also must replace our dependence on fossil fuels because we are polluting our earth and maybe even doubling the affects of global warming!

Chapter 3 Homework Assignment

Chapter 3 section 1

1. I believe Earth's position in relation to the sun affects temperatures on earth because it varies how much sunlight a particular region receives. This variation of sunlight causes the earth to have seasons of which temperature changes.
2. Global warming may affect Earth's land, water and air in the following ways: 1) water in the oceans and seas will begin to evaporate to fast, 2)air will contain too much carbon dioxide and heat, and 3) our lands will too dry of soil to grow crops.

Creative Writing-

I disagree. I believe we can lower the severity of the affects of global warming. We can lower the affects by using electric cars, riding bikes, less fossil fuel efficient factories, and more biodegradable products. If we all try to do these things we will reduce the amount of pollution in the air we breathe and reduce the excess amount of heat trapped in our atmosphere.

Chapter 3 section 2

1. Latitude and elevation affect the climate of a particular region or area by the "zones" of latitudes. These "zones" of latitude consist of: "high" latitudes, "low" latitudes, "mid"latitudes, the arctic circle, and the antarctic Circle. In the "high" latitudes the regions receive continuous but indirect light. The low latitudes receive direct sunlight year-round making the regions weather "warmer to extremely hot". The low latitudes consist of The Tropic of Cancer, the Tropic of Capricorn, and the equator. Elevation affects the climate because of its relationship between the temperature and elevation at all latitude lines of the regions.
2. Wind patterns, ocean currents, and landforms play the roles of distributing the sun's energy and heat throughout the planet. For instance, the Earth's ocean currents change the air pressure and the temperatures of its water in particular regions.

Creative Writing:

If the current by the name of the "North Atlantic Current" became weakened or shut down permanently the Western shores of Europe would have the consequences to their regional climate: Extremely cold temperatures causing a mini ice-age climate, less warm waters causing the flow of water to decrease and maybe causing Greenland to fall or sink to the ocean floor!

Chapter 3 Section 3

1. Geographers classify the climate regions of the world by the following factors: 1) Winds 2) Air Pressure 3) Characteristics of soil 4) Natural Vegetation. For Example, there are five types of climates: dry, tropical, high-latitude, highlands, and mid-latitude.
2. Reoccurring phenomena influence climate patterns over time by altering the weather pattern(s). A famous or well-known reoccurring phenomena is called the El Niño it does not always reoccur every year, but most frequently over time. El Niño is a reoccurring phenomena that is an oscillation (or slight changes) of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific having important consequences for the weather around the world.

***In simpler terms El Niño is a periodic change of our earth's ocean currents, water temperatures, and weather in the mid-pacific regions.***

Creative Writing-

Huntington Beach, California has a Mediterranean climate, sunny and warm almost year-round. We have mild weather conditions, not to rainy or snowy, just colder in the winter. The Natural Vegetation of Huntington Beach consists of Eucalyptus Trees, marshes & wetlands, and several other native plants/flowers. In Huntington beach, our soil is rich and full of nutrients.

Chapter 2 Homework

Chapter 2 Section 1

1. The earth has several different types of surfaces and geographical areas. Earth's surfaces are made up of bodies of water and land. Water covers up to about seventy percent of the earth! A few of the geographical areas include rivers, oceans, lakes, mountains, islands, peninsulas, deserts, and faults. Another geographical area could be the ring of fire. The ring of fire is the ring of volcanoes, and an area that is liable to earthquakes.

2. The point on the earth that is the greatest distance from sea level is the very peak of Mount Everest. Mount Everest is in South Asia and is 29,028 feet above sea level.

(* The shore of the DEAD SEA is in Southwest Asia. It's the lowest dry land point below sea level, at 1,349 feet! *)


Chapter 2 Section 2

1. The earth's three main layers consist of the core, the mantle, and the crust. Our planet's crust is broken up into several plates, they are called the techtonic plates. Earth's layers contribute to the planet's physical characteristics by the moviement of techtonic plates. The movement of the techtonic plates have created the various mountain ranges, the fault lines, and earthquakes.

2. Internal Forces of Change affect Earth's surfaces differently than external forces of change. An internal force creates a new feature to the earth's crust whether its a new mountain range or a new island because of the movement of the techtonic plates. An external force would erode or wear away the earth's surfaces with the wind an water.


CREATIVE WRITINGS:

Section1- I believe that objects in space such as meteoroids and comets as they enter the earth's atmosphere DO have a long-term effect on the earth's lithosphere, atomosphere, or biosphere. They have a long-term effect because they can fall into the ocean, onto land or burn off gases that will pollute our air.

Section 2- Internal Forces may have changed the surface of what is now North america over the past 225 million years by the shifting of plates to create the two mountain ranges(Rocky and Appalachian). The internal forces could have also formed the crack in our country's coast known as the SAN ANDRES FAULT.

Chapter 1 Homework

Chapter 1 Section 1
1. When cartographers select a map projection a few of their concerns include- a) accuracy b) distortion of shape, distance, and size c) direction. These few things are believed to be the main concerns of cartographers because the maps are mainly used for navigation. When trying to navigate your map must be updated and accurate.

2. Some of the features of the earth are physical, man-made, or political. These three types of features can be found on a typical map of an area. Physical features that can be found on a map consist of- rivers, mountains, and relief. Boundary lines, countries, and states are a few of the typical political features that could be found on a map. On a typical urban-area map you would be able to find the following man-made features- capitals, cities, highways, and boundaries.




Chapter 1 Section 2
1. The two major branches of geography are economic and regional geography. The branch known as the economic branch studies the human activites that involve economics. This branch also studies how those activities relate to the environment. In the regional branch of geography, a geographer studies the features of a particular area. Regional Geographers also assisst the government or businesses to make wise decisions about the uses of their land.

2. Geography can be used for several ways. A few of these ways include hints to the physical features and living things that developed in the past. It can also help determine if a specific area is habitable for human life, or if it is worth developing. Another way geography can be helpful by helping interpret the current needs and how to plan for the needs of the future!

Madeline Herpy Period 3

August 28th, 2008

hey everybody.
i made my blogger account!