Chapter 9 Sections 1-3

Section 1, Chapter 9

1. Latin America’s Native American Empires have made contributions to the region’s cultural development consisting of-
*Agriculture and Trade based economy
*Accurate calendars to predict eclipses
*Glyphs- pictures carved in stones
*Grew crops on chinampas- floating “islands” made of large rafts
*Highly structured class systems- with the emperor and military officials at the top & farmers, laborers and soldiers at the bottom


2. European rule influenced Mexico’s political and social structures by defeating them in 1521 and introducing viceroys, a government with appointed officials at the top. Later after a power struggle the caudillo emerged, also called a dictator. The Europeans also created a syncretism in Mexico, a blend of Roman Catholic and Mayan beliefs.

Section 2, Chapter 9

1. The dominant religion of the Latin American Region is Roman Catholic.

2. The ethnic groups of the Caribbean and Central American Population consist of- Europeans, Native Americans, Cubans & Spanish.

Section 3, Chapter 9

1. The biggest problem the region faces in relation to the urbanization of its population is the brain drain. A brain drain is the loss of the regions more highly educated and skilled workers to the other countries.

2. In the region of South America the two factors that determine the quality of health care are- stable economies and high standards of living.



Creative Writings:
1. Mexico’s Sporting activities are influenced by the Spanish because they strongly think fútbol is the most important game. Fútbol is the most important game in Mexico because of the Spaniards who conquered it in 1521 by claiming the Aztec empire brought their culture with them. Fútbol is the Spanish version of American Soccer.

2. The explorer by the name of Balboa discovered some interesting things about the geographic features of Panama. He explored the New World with Rodrigo de Bastidas. He was able to trade his European goods for a large quantity of pearls and gold. He tried to make a living as a farmer, in panama. Balboa then ventured into the neighboring region of Coiba, where he became friends with a local chief. Balboa’s crossed through the densest rain forest in the world, and was the first European to look out to what would soon be the eastern shore of the pacific. He noticed the rough waters of the Strait of Magellan and the sea in area of the southern tip of Tierra Firme, was very calm. This discovery of the Pacific Ocean opened the way for the exploration and conquest of Central and South America, along its coast.

3. My family is deciding to move to a city from our home of a rural area in South America. I am against this decision because I have grown up here. I do not want to go with them because everything will be so busy and just not the same. I know they just want the best for their children and for us to have a better life than they did but we are doing just fine, except I don’t get to go to school often because I’m a girl. Since I’m a girl I must stay home and help mother do things around the house while my brother goes to school then comes home to help father in the fields. I would only go if I would be able to go to school, but I doubt I will be able to.

chapter 8 homework

Chapter 8 Section 1

1. Geographers divided the large region known as Latin America into three sub-regions. These three regions consist of Middle America, the Caribbean, and South America. Middle America is from Mexico to Panama. The Caribbean consists of the islands in the Caribbean Sea. The largest landmass region of Latin America is the continent South Africa.

2. Latin America is made economically important through several natural resources of both energy resources and minerals. The energy resources consist of: deposits of oils and natural gases that can be found in the valleys or in the offshore regions of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. It is known not just for its "energy resources",but for its mineral resources such as gold in Venezuela, silver in Peru and Mexico, and emeralds in Colombian mines. Other minerals consisting of copper, bauxite and aluminum.

Chapter 8 Section 2

1. Latin America has diverse climates. It has humid subtropical, tropical wet/dry, Mid latitude and Arid regions. These are the climate regions that are represented in Latin America. An Arid region is mainly found in the Atacama Desert of Peru and Chile. Humid Subtropical regions are mainly in Southeastern South America. Wet and Dry Tropical regions are most common in southern Mexico, northern and central South America. The mid latitude regions are found mostly in the southern parts of South America.

2. Latin America's location and landforms affect the climate within particular regions because of elevation. Elevation varies the types of crops or vegetation that grows in that region. Some of these land forms are tierra helada, puna, tierra fría, tierra templada, and teirra caliente. The tierra helada and puna are both above the timberline and in cold zones below 55 degrees Fahrenheit. They are located at 12,000 to 16,000 feet. The Tierra fría is known as the cold land, at 6,000 to 12,00 feet. It is the highest climate zone in Latin America. The tierra templada is called the temperate land and is located between 2,500 and 6,000 feet. Lastly, the tierra caliente is known as the hot land and lies at the elevations between sea level and 2500 feet, mainly rainforests.

Creative Writings:
Section 1-
The people of Latin America benefit greatly from their water systems. Their waterways transport people and goods to different parts of the region and even the rest of the world. Most of their major water systems are found in the bigger landmass, South America. An example is the Amazon River, it brings the cities of its region hydroelectric power and commercial water routes. Another water system is the
Río de la Plata, also known as the River of Silver, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean to allow oceangoing ships to export goods. One of the major water systems is the Panama Canal, even though it is man made it helped ships travel a shorter route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans instead of sailing around the southern tip of South America.

Section 2-
October 23rd,2008

Today i began my quest through Latin America starting in Bolivia. I decided today I am going to hike the altiplano. The altiplano is a high plain with hills and a stretch of flatlands. The hike I want to take is from the altiplano to the plateau of Patagonia. I began this hike around 7 am because of the harsh climate. The hike was through a very vast, dry, barren, and windy region of the Andes Mountains. The altiplano has a more arid, desert view. It has sparse vegetation. My hike was tiring and long over the duration of 6 hot days.

Sunday october 19th,2008 Chapter 7 homework due

Chapter 7 section 1

1. The development of a postindustrial economy in the United States and Canada has affected where and how people live by: 1) transforming the technological workplace, 2) changing the emphasis on industry and the traditional ways of manufacturing, 3) focusing more on service and high-tech businesses, 4) Weather, 5) proximity to work, and 6) access to recreational facilities.
2. The economies of the United States and Canada are interdependent with each other and with those in the other parts of the world through: 1) global economy 2) they are two of the world's major trading countries, 3) trade surplus &deficits, 4) trade agreements (ex- NAFTA or North American Free Trade Agreement), 5) and by outsourcing or setting up plants, service industries and other businesses to produce parts and products.

Chapter 7 Section 2

1. The United States and Canada could manage their natural resources more responsible by the following ways: 1) by not clear-cutting( but rather cut down a specific amount of trees that will meet the needs without surplus), 2) to protect their wetlands and natural habitats by not mass-converting the land to agricultural or urban uses, 3) and to pay attention to the ecosystems of our countries.
2. The causes of pollution in the region consist of : Acid Rain, Smog, and Eutrophication. Acid Rain is formed from the reaction between water vapor and the chemical emission released by cars, factories and power plants. Smog is also an effect of the chemical emissions that create acid rain, but it is a visible haze formed from those emissions that kills or damages plants and humans. Eutrophication is the process of which a body of water becomes rich in dissolved nutrients, which encourages the growth of small plants like algae, which removes most of the water's oxygen depriving it from its creatures. Eutrophication is a type of water pollution caused by the toxic wastes and chemicals that are illegally dumped, or put out through sewage or industrial waste.

Chapter 7 Creative Writings:

Section 1

1. Some of the consequences that may arise with the melting of the Arctic Permafrost over the next twenty five years include: sinking entire villages, weakening the foundations of houses, and buckling the land. It could greatly impact the ecosystems, infrastructure, carbon cycle and hydrology. This could even cause us to abandon places like airports or facilities.

Section 2

1. The economies of the United States and Canada are market economies. A market economy is is a realized social system based on the division of labor in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system set by supply and demand. We also have Postindustrial Economies. Post industrial economies are a period of growth within an industrialized economy or nation in which the relative importance of manufacturing lessens and that of services, information, and research grows. The expansion of trade between countries around the world have led to a global economy. A global economy is the merging of economies in which countries are inter connected and become dependent on one another for goods and services.

The three terms postindustrial, market and global economies are related because they deal with the United States and Canada. The United States and Canada are both market and postindustrial economies. They are also two of the worlds major trading countries and are interdependent to one another. The U.S. relies on Canada through the NAFTA. The NAFTA is also known as the North America Free Trade Agreement.

Chapter 6 Homework Assignment

Chapter 6 Section 1

1. The population patterns of the United States are influenced by the regions physical geography, the development of industry and technology. The regions physical geography influenced the population patterns by urbanization and the suburbs of the metropolitan areas. The development of industry and technology has influenced the population patterns through factories(or a source of jobs), the rights a citizen receives, dry farming, and the opportunities our country had to give. These all led to the immigration period from all over the world to the United States.
2. The four cultural elements that influenced the immigrant roots of the United States include: 1) Language and Religion 2) Education and Health care 3) The Arts and 4) Family Life.

Chapter 6 Section 2

1. Two of the economic factors that encouraged the growth of Canada's Western Population consist of the following reasons: 1) political and religious freedom along with the 2) educational and economic opportunities. Some migrated to Canada to refuge from wars or because of the discovery of oil and natural gases in the 1960's.
2. The country's religious practices and languages reflect on the immigrant history of Canada by: the power struggles between the British and French settlers. The two official languages of Canada are English and French. The main religion is Christianity along with others consisting of Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and Sikhism. This reflects the nation's diverse immigrant population.

Creative Writings:

Section 1- On January 15th,1845 Mr. John Eidleback immigrated from Ireland to the United States. Mr. Eidleback arrived in New York Harbor on April 19th,1845. He was in his early twenties when he first stepped foot on American soil. He came to "America" to flee from the potato famine, which he claimed as the biggest natural disaster. Mr. John Eidleback also came to the United States to find a job, and to earn money to bring his wife and two daughters to this new prosperous country. He wanted his family to live a better life of fuller opportunities. It took Mr. Eidleback fifteen years to earn enough money to have his wife and children come join him in the land of opportunities, but to his dismay his wife had died and his daughters have been living off the streets for eight years. He was depressed but wanted to make something of himself to make them proud. John became a shoemaker. He remarried to a woman named Sara Small. He and his wife led a thriving shoe shop until Mr. John Eidleback's death in 1885. Mrs. Sara Eidleback became a widow and continued the shoe shop in memory of her husband.

Section 2- If the American Colonies didn't separate from the British Empire then the history and development of the country of Canada would be affected because the majority of the population would have been British. The History would then be of British beliefs/customs, religion, and language. It certainly wouldn't be like anything it is today. It would probably be controlled by England.

Chapter 5 Section 1

1. The river systems and landforms of the United States and Canada have played important roles in development. River and lake systems gave abundant water supply to the cities and other regions. It also provided as a source of power. Landforms played the roles of natural beauty, adventure, and attracted tourists. The mountains, like the Rockies, gave headwaters and some other natural minerals.

2. A few of the major geographical factors that have played an important part of of the economic development consist of: Pacific Ranges, Mississippi River, Great Lakes, and the Canadian Plains. Some of the natural resources that have played an important part in economic development are called fossil fuels, minerals, and ample freshwater. The fossil fuels consist of- coal, petroleum, and natural gases. These natural resources have helped increase the speed of industrialization of North America.

Chapter 5 Section 2

1. The climate regions that are found in the United States and Canada include: wet and dry seasons in the south, harsh cold of high-latitude regions, changing seasons in the central regions, and the cool, moist climates of the pacific coast.

2. Three of the weather-related hazards found in the United States and Canada are supercells, hurricanes and blizzards. Supercells are violent thunderstorms in the great plains during spring and summer. Hurricanes are summer-fall ocean storms that can be experienced in regional ocean coastlines. In the majority of Northern America, during the winter, you can encounter blizzards, winds that blow 35 miles an hour or greater!

Creative Writings-

1. If I was in an airplane looking down out of the window at the physical features of North America, while flying from Norfolk, Virginia to Seattle, Washington I would be able to see: the mountain ranges, lakes, rivers, forests, and deserts. I would be able to see these things because I would be low enough to have a view of the earth's surface. I would see: the Rockies, the Appalachian mountains, the Missouri river, the Colorado river, and maybe the great Salt Lake of Utah.

2. Two cities at about the same latitude such as Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Salt Lake City,Utah have widely different climates. They have different climates because Philadelphia is in the humid subtropical region. In the humid subtropical regions it tends to be hot and muggy in the summertime, mild in the fall and spring, but extremely cold in the winter. Salt Lake City is found in the semi-arid steppe region in which summer is very hot and winter is cold. Along with short transition seasons, of spring and fall are the "rainy seasons".